Others consider him as different because their worship methods are not the same. In some regions, Ayyappa and Ayyanar are considered to be the same deity given their similar origin.
He is also called Manikanta from Mani, Sanskrit for precious stone, and kanta, Sanskrit for neck. Īyyappan is also known as Hariharasudhan – meaning the "son of Harihara" or a fusion deity of Hari and Hara, the names given to Vishnu and Shiva respectively. The words Sastha and Dharmasastha in the sense of a Hindu god are found in the Puranas. The alternate proposal is supported by the alternate name for Ayyappan being Sastava ( Sasta, Sashta, Sastra), a Vedic term that also means "Teacher, Guide, Lord, Ruler". The alternate theory links it to the Malayali word acchan and Tamil word appa which means "father", with Ayyappan connoting "Lord-father". However, the word Ayyappan is not found in South Indian versions of the medieval era Puranas, leading scholars to the hypothesis that Ayyappan may have roots elsewhere. The root names "Ayyan" and "Appan" denotes Mohini (Mohini here called father, she is a female form of the god Vishnu) and Shiva respectively. The name may literally come from "Ayyan" and "Appan" both meaning "Father". The name Ayyappan (sometimes spelled as Ayyappa or Aiyappan) may be related to as "Lord Father". Īyyappan icon similar to the Sabarimala icon in a yogic position.
The most significant festival linked to him is the Makaravilakku ( Makara Sankranti), observed around the winter solstice. He remains one of the few deities in Hindu tradition, who is respected by other religious communities, including Muslims and Christians in Kerala. The pilgrimage attracts a wide range of devotees, from diverse social or economic backgrounds, except women in their fertile age because Ayyappan is believed to be the celibate deity. The shrine receives millions of pilgrims every year in late December and early January, many of whom prepare for weeks before and then climb the hill barefoot, making it one of the largest active pilgrimage sites in the world. Īyyappan's popularity has grown in many parts of India, and the most prominent Ayyappan shrine is at Sabarimala, nestled in the hills of Pathanamthitta of Kerala. In South Indian portrayals, Ayyappan images show him riding a tigress, but in some places such as Sri Lanka he is shown as riding a white elephant. He was raised by a childless royal couple Rajashekara pandiyan and Koperundevi, and grows up as a warrior yogi champion of ethical and dharmic living.
In the Hindu tradition popular in the Western Ghats of India, he was born with the powers of Shiva and Vishnu to confront and defeat the shape-shifting evil Buffalo demoness Mahishi. He is also honoured by Muslims in Kerala, with legends wherein Ayyappan defeats and gains worship of the Muslim brigand Vavar. The iconography of Ayyappan depicts him as a handsome celibate ( Brahmachari) deity doing yoga and as an epitome of Dharma, who wears a bell around his neck. Ayyappan is also referred to as Ayyappa, Sastavu, Hariharasudhan, Manikandan, Shasta or Dharma Shasta and Sabarinath. According to Hindu theology, he is the son of Harihara ( Vishnu in the form of Mohini and Shiva). Mohini (female avatar of Vishnu) (mother)Īyyappan, also called Dharmasastha and Manikandan, is a Hindu deity popular in Southern India, He is considered to be the epitome of dharma, truth, and righteousness and is often called upon to obliterate evil.Īlthough devotion to Ayyappan has been prevalent earlier in South India, his popularity rose only in the late 20th century.
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